As far as I know and have experiencedd with using it, as long as you don't "apply" it with something abrasive, it will not change the surface of the ball. Remember polish is not a coating like wax, polyurethane or paint. It needs an abrasive to remove it. There is no abrasive in Clean and Dull as far as I know.
A ball can get "shined" by continuous use on oil. This false shine or polish is properly removed by Clean and Dull and several other good deep cleaners like Neo-Tac's Hook-It and Lanemasters ball cleaner.
Remember that even polished balls can get "additional" but false shines from continued use on oil, when it is not removed by such good cleaners as the above. We can used to the ball's reaction and minor ball reaction reductions over time, so we may not see it.
As a side note, I am not aware of any polishes that might put a true coating on a ball that could be removed by such cleaners. As far as I am aware, the name, Clean and Dull, is misnomer and does not dull any ball or change the surface. As I said, as far as I am aware. Also, I do not know if Powerhouse/Ebonite might have changed the formula since they took it over from Track. I am still using the Track or APP formulation.
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"None are so blind as those who will not see."