Here is my crack at it.
Crown – More lane conditioner in the middle of the lane than the outside. The transition of oil is relatively smooth ratio as you go out.
Top Hat – More lane conditioner in the middle of the lane than the outside. Here the change is more pronounced. You might have 50 units of oil between the 2nd arrow and the 6th arrow but outside that you may only have 3 (or less). Many times they will lay relatively heavy oil from gutter to gutter for the first 5 feet of the heads and then run the condition described above to the end of the run (say 35 feet). The gutter to gutter is the brim of the hat and the heavy concentration of lane conditioner in the middle is the top of the hat.
X-mas tree – A cross of the first two with a twists. The heavy oil is run down the center boards for the entire distance of the run but the heavy oil concentration is gradually pulled in from the outside and tapered to the end of the run giving a triangular shape to the heavier oil. So at the end of the run there is much less oil being put down.
No OB – Implies that all the boards to the outside of the lane have little lane conditioner on them. So a ball thrown to the outside will always find friction and hook back. The opposite is having an OB where a concentration of oil is outside the area being played and when a ball is thrown into this area it will not hook/recover back to the pocket.
Sport – In general it means a pattern where during the run the lane conditioner on any one board cannot be more than twice (or less than ½) the conditioner on any other board. In other words a 2:1 ratio of lane conditioner. Easier lane conditions may have 20:1 or even 50:1. Sport leagues must be sanctioned separately and the lanes must be tested each week for compliance. A shot can be a sport shot but not a sport league.
Blocked – Generally thought of in the same terms of a Top Hat. The shot has a heavy concentration of oil in the middle of the lane with much drier boards to the outside.
Unblocked – See sport shot.
Reverse block – Just the opposite of blocked. Heavy oil on the outside with dry boards in the middle. Miss inside and the ball hooks extra, miss out and it slides further.
I will add another term of.
Tube shot – Here there is an area of the lane where more oil is inside and drier boards are outside with a limitation. There is an out of bounds if you throw it to far outside. Generally a fair amount of area given but you do not have unlimited swing area.
