PAP = positive axis point (there is a NAP also). It's the point that remains "stationary" as the ball rolls. You can find it by trial and error (put tape on the ball until it doesn't appear to move as the ball rolls, or you can measure it by using a non-flaring ball on an oily lane. Note the first oil ring, then find the point of the center of the circle described by that ring.
Drillings: 4 x 5, etc describes (first) the distance from the Pin to your PAP, then the distance from the CG (center of gravity) to the PAP.
VAL = vertical axis line
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