We are getting off topic to a degree here but…..
Each level provides a service. The ball manufacture designs, procures raw materials, manufactures, markets a product. They do not want to be in the distribution business. So they sell the product to distributors in bulk.
The distributors warehouse, inventory, produce catalogues, and ship product to retailers. They provide a close point for the retailer to order from. This allows for lower shipping cost to the retailer and the ability to get product quickly. For this service they charge a mark up on everything they sell. They get stuck at times if they get a bad product or the product becomes obsolete. They sometimes get stuck with deadbeats who do not pay them for the equipment they have shipped.
The retailer provides the sales support. They have a limited amount of product on site that they must pay for in advance of sale costing them capital, they deal with defective product, deadbeat buyers, insurance, utilities, equipment, salary, taxes, etc. For this service they get a markup on the product they sell.
Most retail business have traditionally marked up the product about 40% over their wholesale cost.
While the margins may be different because some deal more in volume but these principals apply whether you are talking a grocery store, jewelry store, or wal-mart. Any place that sells some commodity must have a mark up to make a profit.
Now when you go down and buy your air Jordan Nike sneakers and pay $100 for them do you wonder how you can re-sell them to make money? There has to be an end of the chain and that is the consumer. They buy to product for personal reasons. To provide utility, enjoyment, warmth, comfort, energy, etc.
There are always choices in prices to be made. Another pair of sneakers might only cost $30 and you have to decide are the Nike’s worth the extra $$$. Same with bowling balls except in this case the driller either thru measuring your hand or ability to hit your specs provides various amounts of skill and can make a difference in how much you are willing to pay for the ball or drilling service.
Whew !!!! Enough of econ 101.