A two-hander can switch back to one-handed, thumb-in anytime they wish as long as they don't change their dominant hand. For example, a righty two-hander can switch back and forth to one-handed as long as they use their right hand when bowling one-handed.
As SVstar 34 said, they can only do this in sanctioned competition if they have the compliant equipment. When throwing no-thumb, their ball cannot have a thumb hole. They would need to then switch to a ball with a thumb hole and use the hole, if going one-handed with a thumb.