Hello. Here is a basic explanation.
A bowling ball will go through phases as it goes from your hand to the pins. The 3 phases are skid, hook, and roll.
Skid is that. The ball is sliding in oil. Basically it is going in the direction that it was thrown and friction has not overcome the force of the ball trajectory yet.
Then as the ball gets further down lane with less oil, it will begin to hook. In other words, it will transition from moving in the direction it was thrown to the direction it is spinning as friction begins to take over.
Once this change of direction has stopped, the ball will be rolling.
So what's a good roll? That's when the ball transitions from hook to roll at the right time to allow a heavy roll into the pocket for the best possible carry. You never want a ball to still be hooking when it hits the pins, otherwise it will hit like a marshmallow. It needs to be rolling at an angle towards the pocket.
I hope that helps.
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