No, acetone.
Nail polish remover has oils and other things in it, besides acetone to help keep women's hands soft when using the harsh acetone on their hands.

There are also some strong glue removers like, De-Solv-It and Goo Gone, which use citric acid (orange) to do the removal. However, they are oil based and are better used for household use than on a bowling ball.

De-Solv-it contains citric oils, Vitamin E, and aloe Vera. It is probably much better than nail polish remover for removing nail polish. I use it around the house; haven't found a better glue remover yet.
http://www.amazon.com/Desolv-Citrus-Solution-12-6-oz/dp/B000BQWVTQ/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1447696975&sr=8-2&keywords=de+solv+it+plus

Acetone. I know it's a banned substance but that is if you use it on your entire ball to soften the cover. Every pro shop I know uses acetone to clean excess glue by the fingers.